When I founded my firm three years ago, I reflexively merged my work and personal life related events into one single calendar.

I now mark upcoming macroeconomic events with the same fervour as, say, a big game.

So, my sense of anticipation perked up when I scanned my entries over the next few weeks.

Two entries on November 26th, written just as I see them now, stood side-by-side:

RR speaks | Stranger Things Finale

The latter is a plan for our household to binge-watch the series finale.

The former, ‘RR speaks,’ is my shorthand for the day Rachel Reeves, the UK’s Chancellor, presents her highly anticipated Autumn Budget.

And its uncanny; because what Rachel Reeves is poised to do – raise taxes – in the current global political landscape, undoubtedly qualifies as a ‘stranger thing’.

The lead-up to the Autumn Budget on Nov 26th indicates the Labour Party is preparing to break a core pre-election promise: not to raise ANY of National Insurance, Income Tax, or VAT.

While politically bruising, this pivot reveals a harsh confrontation with the UK’s fiscal reality.

If Reeves does commit to a path of fiscal discipline, the likely outcome would be a richer gilt, meaning higher gilt prices and lower yields [See image: while not the gilts, that record bid for the UK inflation-linked bonds indicate that the bond market believes Reeve’s will follow through and raise taxes]

And that matters because the lower gilt yields directly translate to a lower cost of servicing the UK’s massive public debt. A cost that currently consumes a staggering 8.3% of all public spending.

For context, that’s more than what is spent on many core public services. This debt-servicing cost is the bane of most developed nations today. (Across the channel, France, has seen five prime ministers since 2022, each facing a firestorm simply for trying to present a fiscally responsible, slimmed-down budget).

So yeah, come 26th Nov, my household will be immersed in a fictional ‘Upside Down 😀.’ Meanwhile, the UK Chancellor will be attempting to invert the UK’s own economic reality: using short-term political pain for potential long-term fiscal gain, where the very act of restoring confidence could make the debt burden itself more manageable.

One is a finale, the other feels like the start of a new, and much more difficult, season.

By

Avinash Menon, CFA

Founder and CEO,

52 Seconds Capital Limited

Other New Articles

The core mandate of most Central Banks is clear: ENSURE PRICE STABILITY (A select few, like the Fed, also target maximum employment).

But their recent behaviour does raise this fundamental question: are they still solving the price stability problem? or have they conceded that fight?

This is fundamental because Central banks, the very institutions tasked with fighting inflation, are in a historic panic-driven gold rush.

Here is the data:

2022: 1,082 tonnes. That was the highest level since records began in 1950 and double the 2021 figure.

2023: 1,037 tonnes

2024: 1,045 tonnes. Marks the third consecutive year of a 1000+ purchase.

2025 (Projection): 600-700 tonnes, as de-dollarization and reserve diversification become entrenched policies.

The numbers show this is not a vague trend; it is driven by clear, repeat (but somewhat patchy) buying by Central Banks worldwide.

Why do I say, ‘somewhat patchy’?

Well, look at some of these buying patterns:

The PBOC paused its 18-month gold-buying streak in mid-2024, only to resume months later.

After a record 2022 purchase, Turkey briefly turned seller before launching a new, ongoing 27-month buying streak.

And then, there are some non-traditional buyers showing clear intent in 2025.

Which Central Bank has made the highest net purchase of Gold this year?

Russia?

No.

China?

No.

Surely Indonesia then?

No.

It’s Poland.

Next largest buyer?

China?

No.

It’s Kazakhstan.

The frenzied nature of the buying from the very fountainheads of monetary policy is unusual.

Central Banks are expected to combat inflation using interest rates and liquidity operations. Not by hoarding a ‘store of value’ themselves.

So, why the frenzied buying?

If it is to hedge themselves against the very inflation they are mandated to control, then it’s ironic!

Geopolitical concerns and the threat of confiscation of reserves are valid, but is that enough to justify this scale of buying?

1000+ tonnes? Year-after-Year?

This leads to two critical points:

1. What happens when Central Banks realize that their massive gold stockpiles generate zero cash flow? There is a massive opportunity cost there!

2. And if these are the leading moves to build a war chest to pay down ballooning public debt, then history offers a stark warning.

Look no further than the Central Bank Gold Agreement (CBGA) of the late 1990s. Coordinated selling to manage the price led to a 10+ year bear market.

Now, imagine the reverse: A coordinated gold sell-off (again!) by indebted nations could trigger an unprecedented price spiral.

Central Banks’ gold stockpiling ultimately reveals a lack of confidence in the fiat system they oversee.

In other words, Central Banks are preparing for a scenario that their own policies may have helped create.

Traditional Central Banking as we knew it appears well past its shelf life.

And that may not really be a bad thing.

By

Avinash Menon, CFA

Founder and CEO,

52 Seconds Capital Limited

Other New Articles

While it’s the trials and tribulations of Big-Tech that usually has everyone at the edge of their seats, the most telling — and potentially dramatic — signals for the U.S. economy will come from two seemingly staid players:

Walmart and Target.

Their upcoming Q2 2025 earnings are the clearest test for that critical question:

Are Trump’s tariffs starting to bite?

Mark your calendars:

Target reports on Wednesday, August 20, 2025 (pre-market)

Walmart reports on Thursday, August 21, 2025 (pre-market)

Here is why their reports are vital:

The “Who Pays?” Mystery will unravel:

The prevailing assumption that retail giants could force suppliers to fully absorb tariffs is cracking. Walmart has already faced significant blowback from Chinese manufacturers after pleading with them to eat the costs. This puts them in an impossible bind: absorb the hit to margins or pass it on to consumers.

Target’s vulnerability:

Target imports roughly 30% of its goods from China, a vastly higher exposure than many peers. All eyes will be on its Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) line. A significant spike will be a direct signal that tariffs are piercing through corporate defences and hitting the income statement.

The Consumer Canary in the Coal Mine:

Any shift in management commentary on consumer spending will be seismic. Are low-income shoppers trading down even more aggressively? Is the middle class starting to balk at rising shelf prices? These companies have their finger on the pulse of the American consumer like no one else.

Earnings will confirm the hard data:

The latest Producer Price Index (PPI), released on August 14th, showed a 0.9% spike in July — this is the largest monthly increase since June 2022. That spike provides unambiguous evidence that the higher PPI, when viewed alongside a softer CPI, reflects the situation on ground accurately — that businesses have been ‘eating the tariffs’ (see tweet) — at least until the close of July.

Walmart and Target’s earnings will show us exactly if this wholesale pressure is already being trickled into the Main Street retail level (my guess is this has already started to happen during the current quarter, especially in August; next quarter is holiday season, and it could be testy for either of these corporates to attempt the pass-through then)

Rest assured, these two earnings reports are going to be closely watched by both the Trump administration and the Fed.

So, as this week progresses — to use a term from a web series I am currently watching on Netflix with my kids — we will know for certain if that bogeyman of the year ‘TARIFFS’ has finally emerged from his secret lair, in the upside-down world, into the real-world, where consumers still remain oblivious.

To the full effects of tariffs.

By

Avinash Menon, CFA

Founder and CEO,

52 Seconds Capital Limited

Other New Articles